dragffy.com

If you develop multiple sites and you need virtual hosting functionality, scroll down to the end of the /private/etc/apache2/httpd.conf file and uncomment the following:

# Include /private/etc/apache2/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

Next, you’ll need to setup whatever virtual hosts you have in the virtual hosts file /private/etc/apache2/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

You need to make an entry in the httpd-vhosts.conf file like so:

<virtualhost *:80>
   ServerName beta-site-1.com
   ServerAlias www.beta-site-1.com
   ServerAdmin webmaster@beta-site-1.com
   ErrorLog "/private/var/log/apache2/dummy-host2.example.com-error_log"
   CustomLog "/private/var/log/apache2/dummy-host2.example.com-access_log" common

   DocumentRoot "/Library/WebServer/beta-site-1"
   ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/Library/WebServer/beta-site-1/cgi-bin"
   
     Options FollowSymLinks MultiViews Includes
     AllowOverride All
     Order allow,deny
     Allow from all
   
</virtualhost>

The examples provided by Apple in the vhosts file are slightly incorrect and if you use the CustomLog lines as is you will get errors the following errors if you run: apachectl -t -D DUMP_VHOSTS:
Syntax error on line 40 of /private/etc/apache2/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf:
CustomLog takes two or three arguments, a file name, a custom log format string or format name, and an optional "env=" clause (see docs)

This is because
CustomLog "/private/var/log/apache2/dummy-host.example.com-access_log common

Should actually read:
CustomLog "/private/var/log/apache2/dummy-host.example.com-access_log" common

Installing MySQL on OS X has become infinately easier since you can now download an Apple DMG from the MySQL website which takes care of the fine detail.

However, one thing that changed with Leopard is the socket for Mysql. It moved to /private/tmp, so you may need to configure your php.ini file to point it to the new location.

To do so, open the file /private/etc/php.ini, (if no such file exists, then make a copy of /private/etc/php.ini.default and rename it to php.ini) and edit that.

You have two lines to modify:

mysql.default_socket =

becomes:

mysql.default_socket = /private/tmp/mysql.sock

and mysqli.default_socket =

becomes:

mysqli.default_socket = /private/tmp/mysql.sock

Go to terminal and type:
vim ~/.profile

Assuming you want to add the path /usr/local/bin make .profile look like this:
PATH=/opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin

Separating each item with a colon.

Change default password:
$ mysqladmin -u root password NEWPASSWORD

Change existing password:
$ mysqladmin -u root -p'oldpassword' password newpass

Ensure that you have the package sun-java6-jre installed and then run the following command from a terminal:
sudo ln -s /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun/jre/plugin/i386/ns7/libjavaplugin_oji.so /usr/lib/firefox-3.0.10/plugins/

You will need to restart FireFox after this and Java should be working for FireFox now.

A few weeks back I tried out the Gnome sessions. Gnome should automatically restore the programs you were last using when you log back in. However, it did not work well at all and I turned it off. This is when the problem began – everytime I logged back a whole bunch of the same applications automatically launched causing all sorts of mischief. No matter what I tried I could not get Gnome to turn sessions off again.

In the beginning I clicked on System -> Preferences -> Startup Applications and then selected the Options tab. Here, you may check a box labelled “Automatically remember running applications when logging out”. This will activate Gnome sessions. In my case, however, deselecting this did not turn Gnome sessions off.

After much hunting around, with no help from the Internet, I finally found the files that needed deleting to stop Gnome launching various apps at startup. You need to open your home folder in Nautilus and press CTRL+H – this lets you view hidden files and folders (hidden files/folders begin with a dot “.”). Navigate the following path .config/gnome-session/saved-session and delete all the files there. You can move them to the trash can for safety. Having done this, the next time you login you should just get a blank desktop.

I’ve taken the time to write this in the hope that anyone else suffering from the same bug can solve it more quickly than I. This should be reported as a bug on launchpad.net if it isn’t already there.

I am making a note of this for ease of future reference. I can never quite remember whether a medium blob is 16MB or whatever it is, the capabilities are on the MySQL site but I am going to write it in plain english here so I don’t have to keep getting my calculator out to remind me what 2^24 is in terms I am more familiar with…

TinyInt: -128 to 127 (0 to 255 if unsigned).
SmallInt: -32768 to 32767 (0 to 65535 if unsigned).
MediumInt: -8588608 to 8388607 (0 to 16777215 if unsigned).
Int: -2147483648 to 2147483647 (0 to 4294967295 if unsigned).
BigInt: -9223372936854775808 to 9223372036854775807 (0 to18446744073709551615).

Float: 0 and +-1.175494351E-38 to +-3.402823466E+38.
Double: 0 and +-2.2250738585072014-308 to +-1.7976931348623157E+38.
Decimal[(M,D)]: As for DOUBLE but constrained by M and D.

Char(M): M may take any integer value from 0 to 255, with a CHAR(0) column able to store only two values: NULL and ” (empty string), which occupy a single bit.
VarChar(M): 1 to 255 (number of characters to store). Trailing spaces are stripped before storage.

Text type columns do case insensitive comparisons and sorts, whereas blobs are case sensitive.
TinyBlob/TinyText: Max. length 255 characters. Very similar to VarChar but trailing spaces are not stripped before storage.
Text/Blob: Max. length 65535 characters (65KB).
MediumBlob/MediumText: Max. length 6777215 characters (16.8MB).
LongBlob/LongText: Max. length 4294967295 characters (4.3GB).

Enum: One value chosen from up to 65535 possibilities.
Set: Up to 64 values in a given set column.

Date: ‘1000-01-01′ to ‘9999-12-31′, and ‘0000-00-00′.
Time: ‘-838:59:59′ to ‘838:59:59′.
DateTime: ‘1000-01-01 00:00:00′ to ‘9999-12-31 23:59:59′.
Year: 1901 to 2155, and 0000.
TimeStamp: 19700101000000 to sometime in 2037 on current systems.

It is my opinion that CodeIgniter’s default img() function that comes in the HTML Helper could have been easier to use. As it is if you want to give your image a name css class you have to define an array consisting of these attributes.

That takes up space and makes the code less readable for non-PHP programmers. Since I work closely with a web designer who is good with HTML but gets lost in PHP I want to leverage the pragmatic power of PHP to automate repetitive tasks (like typing out an entire HTML image tag), but at the same time the result needs to be obvious to a non-programmer but also shorter than the HTML equivalent. I feel the img() helper in CodeIgniter falls short of both these requirements.

CodeIgniter’s img() helper also takes a second parameter, a boolean, this decides whether the index.php file is included in the image path, good if you are using a media controller. For 99.9% of my sites I don’t need these. Therefore I wrote my own helper.

The file is called MY_html_helper.php and lives inside the folder system/application/helpers. As with other extensions to the CI core the prefix MY_ is determined in your config file, so change MY_ to whatever it should be. Add the following code to the file:

<?php if (!defined('BASEPATH')) exit('No direct script access allowed');

function img($imgName, $attrs=FALSE)
{
	$CI =& get_instance();

	if (strpos($imgName, 'http') === 0) return;

	$imgPath = $CI->config->item('base_url');

	if ( ! $imgDir = $CI->config->item('image_dir')) $imgDir = 'assets/images/';

	$img = $imgPath.$imgDir.$imgName;

	$str = '<img src="'.$img.'" ';

	if ($attrs) $str .= $attrs." ";

	$str .= "/>";

	return $str;
}

All you have to make sure you do is load the html helper: $this->load->helper('html'); in your controller,
or put it in the array of helpers in system/application/config/autoload.php.

The helper assumes images live in the folder assets/images which lives alongside the system folder. If this is not where you put your images then you can specify an alternative directory in your config.php file. Simply add a line that looks like this to config.php: $config['image_dir'] = 'alternative/path/images/';. Don’t forget the trailing slash at the end. This alternative folder would live at the very top level of your application, alongside index.php.

Using the helper is easy and straightforward: <?=img('example.gif')?>

Will produce <img src="http://mysite.com/assets/images/example.gif" />.

Any additional attributes you want in the html tag can be written as per usual as the second parameter. For example if you want to give the image an alt attribute and class:
<?=img('example.gif', 'class="myclass" alt="Example Image"')?>

Will produce:

<img src="http://mysite.com/assets/images/example.gif" class="myclass" alt="Example Image" />

The only hard part about this is making sure you get the single and double quotes correct in the second parameter.

Cheers

if (typeof yourFunctionName == 'function')
{
    yourFunctionName();
}

Taken from http://www.fepus.net/ruby1line.txt

HANDY ONE-LINERS FOR RUBY                             November 16, 2005
compiled by David P Thomas          version 1.0

Latest version of this file can be found at:
    http://www.fepus.net/ruby1line.txt

Last Updated: Wed Nov 16 08:35:02 CST 2005

FILE SPACING:

# double space a file
    $  ruby -pe 'puts' < file.txt
# triple space a file
    $  ruby -pe '2.times {puts}' < file.txt
# undo double-spacing (w/ and w/o whitespace in lines)
    $  ruby -lne 'BEGIN{$/="\n\n"}; puts $_' < file.txt
    $  ruby -ne 'BEGIN{$/="\n\n"}; puts $_.chomp' < file.txt
    $  ruby -e 'puts STDIN.readlines.to_s.gsub(/\n\n/, "\n")' < file.txt

NUMBERING:

# number each line of a file (left justified).
    $  ruby -ne 'printf("%-6s%s", $., $_)' < file.txt
# number each line of a file (right justified).
    $  ruby -ne 'printf("%6s%s", $., $_)' < file.txt
# number each line of a file, only print non-blank lines
    $  ruby -e 'while gets; end; puts $.' < file.txt
# count lines (emulates 'wc -l')
    $  ruby -ne 'END {puts $.}' < file.txt
    $  ruby -e 'while gets; end; puts $.' < file.txt

TEXT CONVERSION AND SUBSTITUTION:

# convert DOS newlines (CR/LF) to Unix format (LF)
# - strip newline regardless; re-print with unix EOL
    $  ruby -ne 'BEGIN{$\="\n"}; print $_.chomp' < file.txt

# convert Unix newlines (LF) to DOS format (CR/LF)
# - strip newline regardless; re-print with dos EOL
    $  ruby -ne 'BEGIN{$\="\r\n"}; print $_.chomp' < file.txt

# delete leading whitespace (spaces/tabs/etc) from beginning of each line
    $  ruby -pe 'gsub(/^\s+/, "")' < file.txt

# delete trailing whitespace (spaces/tabs/etc) from end of each line
# - strip newline regardless; replace with default platform record separator
    $  ruby -pe 'gsub(/\s+$/, $/)' < file.txt

# delete BOTH leading and trailing whitespace from each line
    $  ruby -pe 'gsub(/^\s+/, "").gsub(/\s+$/, $/)' < file.txt

# insert 5 blank spaces at the beginning of each line (ie. page offset)
    $  ruby -pe 'gsub(/%/, "   ")' < file.txt
    FAILS! $  ruby -pe 'gsub(/%/, 5.times{putc " "})' < file.txt

# align all text flush right on a 79-column width
    $  ruby -ne 'printf("%79s", $_)' < file.txt

# center all text in middle of 79-column width
    $  ruby -ne 'puts $_.chomp.center(79)' < file.txt
    $  ruby -lne 'puts $_.center(79)' < file.txt

# substitute (find and replace) "foo" with "bar" on each line
    $  ruby -pe 'gsub(/foo/, "bar")' < file.txt

# substitute "foo" with "bar" ONLY for lines which contain "baz"
    $  ruby -pe 'gsub(/foo/, "bar") if $_ =~ /baz/' < file.txt

# substitute "foo" with "bar" EXCEPT for lines which contain "baz"
    $  ruby -pe 'gsub(/foo/, "bar") unless $_ =~ /baz/' < file.txt

# substitute "foo" or "bar" or "baz".... with "baq"
    $  ruby -pe 'gsub(/(foo|bar|baz)/, "baq")' < file.txt

# reverse order of lines (emulates 'tac') IMPROVE
    $  ruby -ne 'BEGIN{@arr=Array.new}; @arr.push $_; END{puts @arr.reverse}' < file.txt

# reverse each character on the line (emulates 'rev')
    $  ruby -ne 'puts $_.chomp.reverse' < file.txt
    $  ruby -lne 'puts $_.reverse' < file.txt

# join pairs of lines side-by-side (like 'paste')
    $  ruby -pe '$_ = $_.chomp + " " + gets if $. % 2' < file.txt

# if a line ends with a backslash, append the next line to it
    $  ruby -pe 'while $_.match(/\\$/); $_ = $_.chomp.chop + gets; end' < file.txt
    $  ruby -e 'puts STDIN.readlines.to_s.gsub(/\\\n/, "")' < file.txt

# if a line begins with an equal sign, append it to the previous line (Unix)
    $  ruby -e 'puts STDIN.readlines.to_s.gsub(/\n=/, "")' < file.txt

# add a blank line every 5 lines (after lines 5, 10, 15, etc)
    $  ruby -pe 'puts if $. % 6 == 0' < file.txt

SELECTIVE PRINTING OF CERTAIN LINES

# print first 10 lines of a file (emulate 'head')
    $  ruby -pe 'exit if $. > 10' < file.txt

# print first line of a file (emulate 'head -1')
    $  ruby -pe 'puts $_; exit' < file.txt

# print the last 10 lines of a file (emulate 'tail'); NOTE reads entire file!
    $  ruby -e 'puts STDIN.readlines.reverse!.slice(0,10).reverse!' < file.txt

# print the last 2 lines of a file (emulate 'tail -2'); NOTE reads entire file!
    $  ruby -e 'puts STDIN.readlines.reverse!.slice(0,2).reverse!' < file.txt

# print the last line of a file (emulates 'tail -1')
    $  ruby -ne 'line = $_; END {puts line}' < file.txt

# print only lines that match a regular expression (emulates 'grep')
    $  ruby -pe 'next unless $_ =~ /regexp/' < file.txt

# print only lines that DO NOT match a regular expression (emulates 'grep')
    $  ruby -pe 'next if $_ =~ /regexp/' < file.txt

# print the line immediately before a regexp, but not the regex matching line
    $  ruby -ne 'puts @prev if $_ =~ /regex/; @prev = $_;' < file.txt

# print the line immediately after a regexp, but not the regex matching line
    $  ruby -ne 'puts $_ if @prev =~ /regex/; @prev = $_;' < file.txt

# grep for foo AND bar AND baz (in any order)
    $  ruby -pe 'next unless $_ =~ /foo/ && $_ =~ /bar/ && $_ =~ /baz/' < file.txt

# grep for foo AND bar AND baz (in order)
    $  ruby -pe 'next unless $_ =~ /foo.*bar.*baz/' < file.txt

# grep for foo OR bar OR baz
    $  ruby -pe 'next unless $_ =~ /(foo|bar|baz)/' < file.txt

# print paragraph if it contains regexp; blank lines separate paragraphs
    $  ruby -ne 'BEGIN{$/="\n\n"}; print $_ if $_ =~ /regexp/' < file.txt

# print paragraph if it contains foo AND bar AND baz (in any order); blank lines separate paragraphs
    $  ruby -ne 'BEGIN{$/="\n\n"}; print $_ if $_ =~ /foo/ && $_ =~ /bar/ && $_ =~ /baz/' < file.txt

# print paragraph if it contains foo AND bar AND baz (in order); blank lines separate paragraphs
    $  ruby -ne 'BEGIN{$/="\n\n"}; print $_ if $_ =~ /(foo.*bar.*baz)/' < file.txt

# print paragraph if it contains foo OR bar OR baz; blank lines separate paragraphs
    $  ruby -ne 'BEGIN{$/="\n\n"}; print $_ if $_ =~ /(foo|bar|baz)/' < file.txt

# print only lines of 65 characters or greater
    $  ruby -pe 'next unless $_.chomp.length >= 65' < file.txt
    $  ruby -lpe 'next unless $_.length >= 65' < file.txt

# print only lines of 65 characters or less
    $  ruby -pe 'next unless $_.chomp.length < 65' < file.txt
    $  ruby -lpe 'next unless $_.length < 65' < file.txt

# print section of file from regex to end of file
    $  ruby -pe '@found=true if $_ =~ /regex/; next unless @found' < file.txt

# print section of file based on line numbers (eg. lines 2-7 inclusive)
    $  ruby -pe 'next unless $. >= 2 && $. < = 7' < file.txt

# print line number 52
    $  ruby -pe 'next unless $. == 52' < file.txt

# print every 3rd line starting at line 4
    $  ruby -pe 'next unless $. >= 4 && $. % 3 == 0' < file.txt

# print section of file between two regular expressions, /foo/ and /bar/
    $  ruby -ne '@found=true if $_ =~ /foo/; next unless @found; puts $_; exit if $_ =~ /bar/' < file.txt

SELECTIVE DELETION OF CERTAIN LINES

# print all of file except between two regular expressions, /foo/ and /bar/
    $  ruby -ne '@found = true if $_ =~ /foo/; puts $_ unless @found; @found = false if $_ =~ /bar/' < file.txt

# print file and remove duplicate, consecutive lines from a file (emulates 'uniq')
    $  ruby -ne 'puts $_ unless $_ == @prev; @prev = $_' < file.txt

# print file and remove duplicate, non-consecutive lines from a file (careful of memory!)
    $  ruby -e 'puts STDIN.readlines.sort.uniq!.to_s' < file.txt

# print file except for first 10 lines
    $  ruby -pe 'next if $. <= 10' < file.txt

# print file except for last line
    $  ruby -e 'lines=STDIN.readlines; puts lines[0,lines.size-1]' < file.txt

# print file except for last 2 lines
    $  ruby -e 'lines=STDIN.readlines; puts lines[0,lines.size-2]' < file.txt

# print file except for last 10 lines
    $  ruby -e 'lines=STDIN.readlines; puts lines[0,lines.size-10]' < file.txt

# print file except for every 8th line
    $  ruby -pe 'next if $. % 8 == 0' < file.txt

# print file except for blank lines
    $  ruby -pe 'next if $_ =~ /^\s*$/' < file.txt

# delete all consecutive blank lines from a file except the first
    $  ruby -e 'BEGIN{$/=nil}; puts STDIN.readlines.to_s.gsub(/\n(\n)+/, "\n\n")' < file.txt

# delete all consecutive blank lines from a file except for the first 2
    $  ruby -e 'BEGIN{$/=nil}; puts STDIN.readlines.to_s.gsub(/\n(\n)+/, "\n\n")' < file.txt

# delete all leading blank lines at top of file
    $  ruby -pe '@lineFound = true if $_ !~ /^\s*$/; next if !@lineFound' < file.txt

If you have any additional scripts to contribute or if you find errors
in this document, please send an e-mail to the compiler.  Indicate the
version of ruby you used, the operating system it was compiled for, and
the nature of the problem.  Various scripts in this file were written or
contributed by:

 David P Thomas     # author of this document

Tue Jun 26 18:17:36 CDT 2007
 * Thanks to Taylor Carpenter  for feedback on improving redirection format.